UGC NET December 2025
Q1. Arrange the following list of the authors according to MLA Handbook 9th edition for parenthetical citations and works-cited-list entries:
Rita Charon
Sayantani Dasgupta
Nellie Hermann
Craig Irvine
Eric R. Marcus
Edger Rivera Colon
Danielle Spencer
Maura Spiegel
1. Charon, Rita. and Dasgupta, et al.
2. Charon, Rita, et al.
3. Charon, Rita and Dasgupta, Hermann, Irvine, Marcus, Colon, Spencer, Spiegel.
4. Rita Charon and others.
Answer: 2
Quick Insight:
MLA style arranges the Works Cited list alphabetically by the author’s surname. Write the surname first, then first name: Charon, Rita. If no author, alphabetize by title.
For parenthetical citations inside the text, usually give the surname + page number: (Charon 45). If no page number, just surname: (Dasgupta).
For surnames with two parts, keep them together: (Rivera Colon).
Q.2. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I (Author)
A. J. Fiske
B. R. Boothby
C. I. Aug
D. Q.D. Lewis
LIST-II (Work/Show)
I. Wracking Dallas
II. Fiction and the Reading Public
III. Television Culture
IV. Aust Looking: Cossusser Culture in Dreiser, Gissing and Zola
1. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
2. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
3. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
4. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
Answer: 1
Q.3. Which of the following titles/chapters appear in I A Richards' Principles of Literary Criticism?
A. Poetry for Poetry's Sake
B. Critical principles: The indemonstrability of values
C. On Looking at a Picture
D. The Theory of Interpretation
E. The Analysis of a Poem
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, C and E Only
2. A, B and C Only
3. C, D and E Only
4. B, C and D Only
Answer: 1
Quick Insight:
The full contents of rhe book are are: The Chaos of Critical Theories; The Phantom Aesthetic State; The Language of Criticism; Communication and the Artist; The Critics’ Concern with Value; Value as an Ultimate Idea; A Psychological Theory of Value; Art and Morals; Actual and Possible Misapprehensions; Poetry for Poetry’s Sake; A Sketch for a Psychology; Pleasure; Emotion and the Coenesthesia; Memory; Attitudes; The Analysis of a Poem; Rhythm and Metre; On Looking at a Picture; Sculpture and the Construction of Form; The Impasse of Musical Theory; A Theory of Communication; The Availability of the Poet’s Experience; Tolstoy’s Infection Theory; The Normality of the Artist; Badness in Poetry; Judgement and Divergent Readings; Levels of Response and the Width of Appeal; The Allusiveness of Modern Poetry; Permanence as a Criterion; The Definition of a Poem; Art, Play, and Civilization; The Imagination; Truth and Revelation Theories; The Two Uses of Language; Poetry and Beliefs. It also includes Appendix A: On Value and Appendix B: The Poetry of T. S. Eliot.
Q. 4. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I (Theme)
A. Disappointed lover becomes a Sadhu for a change
B. Discharged convict is taken for a Sadhu
C. True historical Mahatma
D. A scenario-writer imaginatively passes in review the possible history of Malgudi
LIST-II (R. K. Narayan's Novel)
I. The Guide
II. Waiting for the Mahatma
III. Mr. Sampath
IV. Bachelor of Arts
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
2. A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II
3. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
4. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
Answer: 4
Q.5. Which of the following in-text citations is incorrect?
1. Others note that doctors have not yet adequately explained the effects climate change will have on human health (Lemery and Auerbach 4–5).
2. According to Naomi Baron, reading is “just half of literacy. The other half is writing” (Baron 194).
3. According to Gao Xingjian, “Literature in essence is divorced from utility” (7).
4. The author knew Bureau de la Rivière, another of Charles V’s executors (Christine 192).
Answer: 2
Quick Insight:
The intended incorrect citation is 2. The problem is not the parenthetical reference but the integration of the quotation: after “According to Naomi Baron,” the quoted material is inserted awkwardly as two sentences. In MLA style, quotations should be smoothly incorporated into the grammar of the sentence or introduced with proper punctuation such as a colon.
Q. 6. Which of the following statements are correct about research methods?
A. Structuralism identifies structures in language, or systems of relationships with identities and meanings that shows us the ways in which we think.
B. Ferdinand de Saussure's theory of language systems distinguishes between la langue and la parole.
C. Sometimes called the "school of London," these new critics include Roland Barthes, Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, and Tzvetan Todorov.
D. Shklovsky pointed out literature's constant tendency toward estrangement and defamiliarization to move readers away from habitual responses to ordinary experience.
E. Jonathan Culler and Robert Scholes helped to bring psychoanalysis to the English language.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, B, and D Only
2. A, D, and E Only
3. B, D, and E Only
4. C, D, and E Only
Answer: 1
Q.7. Which of the following seasons does Northrop Frye, in his Anatomy of Criticism, not indicate the correspondent genres?
1. The mythos of spring: comedy
2. The mythos of summer: romance
3. The mythos of fall: tragedy
4. The mythos of winter: satire
Answer: 3
Quick Insight:
Frye's Mythoi and Seasonal Correspondences. Frye's system outlines the following connections:
Spring: Represents the Mythos of Comedy, often associated with birth, renewal, and the triumph of life.
Summer: Represents the Mythos of Romance, symbolizing achievement, fulfillment, and the zenith of action.
Winter: Represents the Mythos of Satire (or Irony), associated with death, inertia, and intellectual breakdown.
Q.8. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST I (Author
A. AK Ramanujan
B. Sharat Chandra
C. Jimmy Avis
D. Nissim Ezekiel
LIST II (Family)
I. Zeromtian
II. Jew
III. Hindu Srivastava
IV. Lingyat
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
2. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
3. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
4. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
Answer: 3
Q.9. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I (Character)
A. SHEAMUS RUA
B. ALEEL
C. OONA
D. MARY
LIST-II (Role)
I. Foster Mother of Countess Cathleen (Oona)
II. Wife of Sheamus Rua (Mary)
III. A Peasant (Sheamus Rua)
IV. A Poet (Aleel)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
2. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
3. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
4. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
Answer: 4
Q.10. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I (Character)
A. Marya Zelli
B. Adia Maria
C. Rosamund Stacey
D. Ruth Patchett
LIST-II (Novel)
I. After Leaving Mr. Mackenzie
II. The Life and Loves of a She-Devil
III. Quartet
IV. The Millstone
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
2. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
3. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
4. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
Answer: 3
Q.11. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I (Term)
A. "Text"
B. "Grand Narrative"
C. "Story"
D. "Diegesis"
LIST-II (Meaning)
I. "the way heterosexual males desire or sexualize scopophilic objects of heterosexual male desire"
II. "The interior story as told are depicted specially in film."
III. "the big stories we use to map human history such as Humanism."
IV. "a strict halfway between domestic and wild."
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
2. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
3. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
4. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
Answer 3
Quick Insight:
Q.12. In 1832, at the end of what is now called the Romantic age, Samuel Taylor Coleridge described "three silent revolutions in England."
Identify the wrong option.
1. When the Professions fell off from the Church
2. When the fraternity fell off from the society
3. When Literature fell off from the Professions
4. When the Press fell off from Literature
Answer: 2
Q.13. Johann Gottfried von Herder, Goethe, and Schiller experimented with new subjective modes of expression; which movement/circle did they belong to?
1. Storm and Stress Movement
2. Hermeneutic Circle
3. French Revolution
4. Religious Movement
Answer: 1
Q.14. In which novel of Anita Desai, the heroine, in her fifth pregnancy, leaves her husband in a mood of unease to seek peace in an island, Manori, off Bombay?
1. Fire on the Mountain
2. Clear Light of Day
3. Where shall we go this Summer
4. Bye-bye, Blackbird
Answer: 3
Q.15. Arrange the following words in chronological order in terms of number of syllables in particular word.
Demonstrate, Orange Girl, Agriculture, Relativity
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. B, E, C, D, A
2. C, B, A, D, E
3. C, B, E, D, A
4. B, C, E, D, A
Answer: 2
Q.16. Arrange the following Manner of Articulation of the consonants of English in the chronological order:
A. Close Approximation
B. Intermittent closure
C. Complete closure and sudden release
D. Complete closure and slow release
E. Open Approximation
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, D, C, E, B
2. C, D, A, E, B
3. C, A, D, B, E
4. A, D, C, B, E
Answer 2
Quick Insight:
The order C–D–A–E–B moves from maximum obstruction to minimum obstruction in the vocal tract. Complete closure and sudden release gives plosives (/p, b, t/), complete closure and slow release gives fricative-like release/affricates (/tʃ, dʒ/), close approximation gives fricatives (/s, f/), open approximation gives approximants (/w, j, l, r/), and intermittent closure refers to trills or taps where contact is brief and repeated. The sequence reflects increasing openness of airflow.
Q.17. Identify the novelist who wrote the following lines; and to whom is it written?
"In delineating male character, I labour under disadvantages; intuition and theory will not adequately supply the place of observation and experience. When I write about women, I am sure of my ground—in the other case I am not so sure. "
1. Charlotte Bronte wrote to James Taylor
2. Jane Austen wrote to Elizabeth Serwell
3. Margaret Oliphant wrote to Isabella Blackwood
4. Charlotte Yonge wrote to Felicia Skene
Answer: 1
Q.18. G. B. Shaw's Pygmalion dramatizes the ________ myth of a sculptor who fell in love with an ivory statue.
1. Roman
2. Greek
3. Italian
4. French
Answer: 2
Q.19. Who wrote the following about Rousseau? "Like his favorite philosopher, Plato, Rousseau sought to discover and produce the moral man who would make the moral society, and a moral society that would foster the moral man."
1. J S Mill
2. Mary Wollstonecraft
3. Dr Johnson
4. Peter Ory
Answer: 4
Q.20. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: Sidney's Apologie for Poetrie is in many ways a seminal text of literary criticism.
Reason R: It represents the first synthesis in the English language of the various strands and concerns of Renaissance literary criticism, drawing on Aristotle, Horace, and more recent writers such as Boccaccio and Julius Caesar Seeliger.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
3. A is correct but R is not correct
4. A is not correct but R is correct
Answer: 1
Q.21. Empedocles on Etna is an example of
1. Narrative Poem
2. Comedy
3. Tragi-comedy
4. Closet Drama
Answer: 4
Quick Insight:
A closet drama is a play written primarily to be read rather than staged or performed. It often contains philosophical reflection, elaborate speeches, or impractical scenes that suit reading better than theatre production. Matthew Arnold’s Empedocles on Etna is called a closet drama because it is dramatic in form but intended mainly for literary reading.
Q.22. Which of the following feminist has questioned the following?
“Why did men drink wine and women water? Why was one sex so prosperous and the other so poor? What effect has poverty on fiction? What conditions are necessary for the creation of works of art?”
1. Virginia Woolf
2. Kate Millett
3. Elaine Showalter
4. Jane Freedman
Answer: 1
Q.23. Arrange the following levels of obliquity (Vikrant) as conceived by Kuntaka in his treatise Vikranti Avitam:
A. Episodic
B. Compositional
C. Photonic
D. Lexical
E. Grammatical
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A,B,C,D,E
2. B,C,D,E,A
3. C,D,E,A,B
4. E,A,B,C,D
Answer: 3
Quick Insight:
The question refers to Kuntaka’s Vakrokti theory in Vakroktijīvita (not “Vikranti Avitam”). Vakratā/obliquity means poetic deviation or striking expressiveness at different linguistic levels. The intended order moves from smaller units to larger structures: phonetic (sound patterning), lexical (word choice), grammatical (syntax/form), episodic (arrangement of incidents), and compositional (overall design of the whole work). Poetry becomes artistic through oblique expression at each level.
Q.24. Jonathan Dollimore and Alan Sinfield define the term “Cultural materialism” as designating a critical method having characteristics. Which of the following characteristics has not been included by Jonathan Dollimore and Alan Sinfield?
1. Historical context
2. Theoretical method
3. Political commitment
4. Transcendental significance
Answer: 4
Quick Insight:
Dollimore and Sinfield define cultural materialism through attention to historical context, theoretical analysis, and political commitment, reading literature as part of power relations and ideology. It rejects timeless or transcendental meanings detached from material history.
Q.25. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I (Critical Essay)
A. "Keats' Sylvan Historian: History without the Footnotes"
B. "Tools for Reading Poetry"
C. "Three Women's Texts and a Critique of Imperialism"
D. "The Linguistic Foundation"
LIST-II (Writer)
I. Gayatri C. Spivak
II. Cleanth Brooks
III. Herman Rapaport
IV. Jonathan Culler
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
2. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
3. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
4. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
Answer: 2
Q.26. Arrange the following works of criticism in chronological order:
A. T.S. Eliot, The Use of Poetry and the Use of Criticism
B. J.C. Smith, A Study of Wordsworth
C. D.G. James, Scepticism and Poetry
D. Marjorie L. Barstow, Wordsworth's Theory of Poetic Diction
E. Josephine Miles, Pathetic Fallacy in the Nineteenth Century
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. D,A,C,E,B
2. A,B,D,C,E
3. C,A,E,B,D
4. A,C,D,E,B
Answer: 1
Q,27. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I(Component)
A. Phonology
B. Morphology
C. Syntax
D. Semantics
LIST-II(Area of language)
I. Word System of languages
II. Sentence-Structure of languages
III. Meaning
IV. Sound systems of languages
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
2. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
3. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
4. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
Answer: 2
Q.28. According to Will Wright, the Western has evolved through three stages: 'classic' , 'transtiion theme' and 'professional' . Wright has identified in the professional Western, the binary oppositions which are reversed. Answer the correct option which expresses, with their corresponding binary oppositions, the right sequence and order, as reported by John Storey:
A. Hero - society
B. Outside society- inside society
C. Good- Bad
D. Weak - Strong
E. Wilderness - Civilization
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, B, C, D, E
2. A, C, B, D, E
3. A, B, C, E, D
4. E, A, B, C, D
Answer: 1
Q.29. Arrange the following poetic lines chronologically in the order of the publication of the poems they appear in:
A. She is the Rose, the glorie of the day.
B. Resembles life what once was deem’d of light.
C. Away! The moor is dark beneath the moon.
D. When I consider how my light is spent
E. When in the chronicle of wasted time/ I see descriptions of the fairest wights.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, D, E, B, C
2. A, B, D, C, E
3. C, A, E, B, D
4. A, C, D, E, B
Answer: 1
Q.30. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I
A. "Hobbie"
B. "Anselmi"
C. "Fetishism"
D. "Hyperuality"
LIST-II
I. Pierre Bourdieu
II. Sigmund Freud
III. Alfred Binet
IV. Eco
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
2. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
3. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
4. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
Answer: 1
Q.31. Which of the following description of characters from William Congreve’s The Way of the World is incorrect?
1. Fainall, in love with Mrs. Marwood
2. Mirabell, in love with Mrs. Millamant
3. Witwoud, follower of Mrs. Millamant
4. Petulant, follower of Mrs. Marwood
Answer: 4
Q.32. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I (Concept)
A. Agrestino-Prasanna
B. Vynjastuti
C. Nidersonum
D. Subakti
LIST-II (Meaning)
I. A statement conjointively of the qualities and actions of things;
II. Where a similar good or bad consequence is exhibited by encountering a thing with another object
III. Where the praise of an object with which one is not concerned is made.
IV. Praise in the form of despair
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
2. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
3. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
4. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
Answer: 4
Q.33. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: All modern languages have some words with pronunciations that seem to echo naturally occurring sounds.
Reason R: When different objects flew by, making a car- car or coo- coo sound, the early human tried to imitate the sounds and then used them to refer to those objects even when they weren't present.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
3. A is correct but R is not correct
4. A is not correct but R is correct
Answer 1
Q.34. Which of the following critical works of Matthew Arnold does preach that "The Kingdom of God is within you"?
1. Essays in Criticism
2. Culture and Anxiety
3."The Study of Poetry"
4. Literature and Dogma
Answer 2
Q.35. Which of the following novels of E. M. Forster doesn’t display the mentioned contrast?
1. Contrast of East and West in A Passage to India
2. Contrast of English and French culture in Where Angels Fear to Tread
3. Contrast of English and Italian culture in A Room with a View
4. Contrast of the Schlegels and the Wilcoxes' families in Howards End
Answer: 2
Q.36. According to Jeremy Hawthorn, which of the following can be said to "have prepared the ground for the development of theories of the gaze"?
1. John Berger's Ways of Seeing
2. Michael Argyle and Mark Cook's Gaze and Mutual Gaze
3. Sigmund Freud's Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality
4. Michel Foucault's Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison
Answer: 1
Q.37. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I (Archetype symbols)
A. The sea
B. Rivers
C. Sun
D. Serpent
LIST-II (Symbolic Meanings)
I. Creative Energy
II. Wisdom
III. The mother of all life
IV. Death and rebirth
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
2. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
3. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
4. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
Answer: 2
Q.38. Fiona Tolan in "Feminisms" says that if there is a single identifiable theme running through every feminist debate, it is the question of
1. Eco-feminism
2. Essentialism
3. Radical Feminism
4. Gynocriticism
Answer: 2
Quick Insight:
In feminism, essentialism is the belief that women share a fixed, natural, universal essence—such as innate traits, experiences, or identities simply because they are women. Feminist debates question this idea because it can ignore differences of race, class, sexuality, culture, and history among women. Anti-essentialist thinkers argue that gender is socially constructed and historically variable rather than biologically predetermined.
Q.39. Which of the following settings of Harold Pinter’s play The Birthday Party is incorrect?
1. ACT I- A morning in winter
2. ACT I- A morning in summer
3. ACT II- Evening of the same day
4. ACT III- The next morning.
Answer: 1
Q.40. Arrange the following events in chronological order of their appearance related to George Bernard Shaw's Arms and the Man
A. Arms and the Man was first performed at the Avenue Theatre.
B. There was a release of British film adaptation of Arms and the Man directed by Cecil Lewis.
C. A German film adaptation of Arms and the Man was released, which garnered an Academy Award nomination for Best Foreign Language Film.
D. Arms and the Man is a comedic play, set during the Serbo- Bulgarian war, which lasted fourteen days from 14 to 28 of November.
E. There was the famous London revival of Arms and the Man at The Old Vic starring Ralph Richardson and Laurence Olivier.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. D,A,E,C,B
2. A,D,B,C,E
3. A,D,C,E,B
4. D,A,B,E,C
Answer: 4
Q.41. The following lines are spoken by which character in Shakespeare's plays? Put out the light and then put out the light; If I quench thee, thou flaming Minister, I can again thy former light restore
1. King Lear
2. Hamlet
3. Othello
4. Macbeth
Answer: 3
Q.42. Arrange the following works of Thomas Hardy in order of their publication:
A. The Trumpet Major
B. The Hand of Ethelberta
C. Tess of the D' Urbervilles
D. The Woodlanders
E. The Return of the Native
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. B, E, A, D, C
2. E, D, A, B, C
3. C, B, A, D, E
4. D, B, E, A, C
Answer: 1
Q.43. Arrange the following novels in chronological order of their publication:
A. The Handmaid's Tale
B. Lucky Jim
C. The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie
D. Things Fall Apart
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. D, A, B, C
2. B, D, C, A
3. B, A, C, D
4. D, B, A, C
Answer: 2
Q.44. In English, if three consonants form a cluster at the beginning of a syllable, the first consonant will be always:
1./s/
2./p/
3./s/
4./n/
Answer: 1
Q.45. Which of the following novels is not the part of Samuel Beckett's trilogy published together in London in 1959?
1. Molloy
2. Murphy
3. Malone Dies
4. The Unnamable
Answer: 2
Q.46. Arrange the following famous lines of dramas in chronological order of their publication:
A. Nothing happens, nobody comes, nobody goes, it's awful!
B. All the world's a stage /And all the men and women merely players.
C. Come, violent death. / Serve for mankind to make me sleep!
D. The last temptation is the greatest treason/To do the right deed for the wrong reason.
D. Never speak disrespectfully of Society, Algenon. Only people who can't get into it do that
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. B, C, E, D, A
2. B, E, D, A, C
3. C, B, E, A, D
4. E, C, B, D, A
Answer: 1
Q.46. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Television is the popular cultural form of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.
Reason R: Meanings and messages are not simply 'transmitted', they are always produced: first by the encoder from the 'raw' material of everyday life; second by the audience in relation to its location in other discourses.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
3. A is correct but R is not correct
4. A is not correct but R is correct
Answer: 2
Q.47. Which of the following statements are correct about voiced and voiceless sounds?
A. All 20 vowels sounds of English are voiced.
B. When the vocal cords move away from each other, the speech sounds articulated in this situation is called voiceless sounds.
C. The rapid opening and closing of the vocal cords is called the Vibration of the vocal cords and the sound produced in this vibration is called voiceless sound.
D. Fifteen out of twenty four consonants of English are voiced.
E. The articulatory system consists of a few organs in our leg and hand.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, B, and D Only
2. B, C, and D Only
3. A, C, and E Only
4. B, D, and E Only
Answer: 1
Q.48. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Bacon's position as an essayist is peculiar.
Reason R: He has no resemblance to Addison or Hazlitt.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
3. A is correct but R is not correct
4. A is not correct but R is correct
Answer: 2
Q.49. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: The years after 1945 saw changes in English poetry.
Reason R: Some poets, despite Modernism, continued Romantic traditions, writing deeply personal responses to the world and engaging with 'eternal' , 'elemental' themes.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
3. A is correct but R is not correct
4. A is not correct but R is correct
Answer: 2
Q.50. Which of the following statements are correct about research methods?
A. Structuralism identifies structures in language, or systems of relationships with identities and meanings that shows us the ways in which we think.
B. Ferdinand de Saussure's theory of language systems distinguishes between la langue and la parole.
C. Sometimes called the "school of London, " these new critics include Roland Barthes, Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, and Tzvetan Todorov
D. Shklovsky pointed out literature's constant tendency toward estrangement and defamiliarization to move readers away from habitual responses to ordinary experience.
E. Jonathan Culler and Robert Scholes helped to bring psychoanalysis to the English language.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, B, and D Only
2. A, D, and E Only
3. B, D, and E Only
4. C, D, and E Only
Answer: 1
Q.51. Arrange the following in chronological order of their appearance in the format of a thesis.
A. Bibliography
B. Introduction
C. Conclusion
D. Table of Contents
E. Preface
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. E,D,B,C,A
2. E,B,C,D,A
3. D,B,C,A,E
4. D,B,A,C,E
Answer: 1
Q.52. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I (Writer)
A. D. G. Jones
B. Margaret Atwood
C. John Moss
D. Laurence Ricou
LIST-II (Work)
I. Vertical Man /Horizontal World
II. Patterns of Isolation: In English Canadian Fiction
III. Survival
IV. Butterfly on Rock
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
2. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
3. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
4. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
Answer: 1
Q.53. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: Poststructuralism and deconstruction are virtually synonymous.
Reason R: Deconstruction arises out of the structuralism of Roland Barthes as a reaction against the certainties of structuralism.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
3. A is correct but R is not correct
4. A is not correct but R is correct
Answer: 1
Q.54. Here's the exact unaltered text from the image: Historians establish the essay film with its first theorization in writings of Sergei Eisenstein, Richter, Alexandre Astruc and that of others. Arrange the following Essay Films in the chronological order of their publication:
A. As You See
B. Notebooks on Cities and Clothes
C. "The Film Essay: A New Type of Documentary Film"
D. "The Camera Stylo"
E. "Notes for a Film of 'Capital'"
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, B, C, D, E
2. E, C, D, A, B
3. A, B, E, C, D
4. A, B, C, E, D
Answer: 2
Q.55. Who amongst the following postcolonial critics did define colonialism "as the conqueror and control of other people's land and goods."?
1. Meenakshi Mukherjee
2. Leela Gandhi
3. Harish Trivedi
4. Ania Loomba
Answer: 4
Quick Insight:
In Colonialism/Postcolonialism (1998), Ania Loomba gives the well-known concise definition of colonialism as the conquest and control of other people’s land and goods, emphasizing its material, political, and economic dimensions rather than only cultural domination.
Q.56. Arrange the following statements in the order of their appearance in the essay, "Of Studies"
A. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring
B. To spend too much time in studies, is sloth
C. Crafty men contemn studies; simple men admire them; and wise men use them
D. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience
E. Histories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. B, D, C, A, E
2. A, B, D, C, E
3. C, A, E, B, D
4. A, C, D, E, B
Answer: 2
Q.57. Whose poetry is redolent of the Orissa scene and the Jagannatha temple at Puri figures quite often in it?
1. Jayanta Mahapatra
2. Keki N. Daruwalla
3. Shiv K. Kumar
4. Arvind Krishna Mehrotra
Answer: 1
Q.58. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: The best-known cycles of miracle or mystery plays come from York, Wakefield, and Chester.
Reason R: King Alfred encouraged the use of the vernacular in the late ninth century, but he made it clear that this was very much second best, necessitated by the deplorably low standards of Latin learning in his kingdom.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
3. A is correct but R is not correct
4. A is not correct but R is correct
Answer: 2
Q.59. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I (Source)
A. Bartleby
B. Project Muse
C. WorldCat
D. Shodhganga
LIST-II (Types of Research Material)
I. World's largest bibliographic database
II. A repository of theses
III. A range of verse and fiction
IV. Full Text research article
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
2. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
3. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
4. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
Answer: 1
Q.60. In which of the following novels of Charles Dickens, the city of London is shown shrouded in fog in the opening chapter?
1. Bleak House
2. A Tale of Two Cities
3. Oliver Twist
4. David Copperfield
Answer: 1
Q.61. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I (Genre)
A. Dub Poetry
B. Bucolic Poetry
C. Confessional Poetry
D. Topographical Poetry
LIST-II (Poem)
I. "Tintern Abbey"
II. Ariel
III. The Dread Affair
IV. "Eclogues"
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
2. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
3. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
4. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
Answer: 2
Quick Insight:
Dub Poetry is performance-based poetry emerging from Caribbean oral culture, especially Jamaica, combining verse with reggae rhythms, political protest, and spoken-word energy. It often addresses racism, state violence, identity, and resistance. The Dread Affair fits this activist oral tradition.
Bucolic Poetry idealizes rural life, shepherds, pastoral simplicity, and nature. It comes from classical pastoral traditions, especially Theocritus and Virgil. Eclogues is the classic model of bucolic poetry.
Confessional Poetry is intensely personal poetry dealing with private experience, trauma, mental health, sexuality, family conflict, and inner crisis. Associated figures include Sylvia Plath, Robert Lowell, and Anne Sexton. Ariel is central to this mode.
Topographical Poetry describes landscape while blending place with reflection, memory, history, or emotion. It often turns geography into meditation. Wordsworth’s Tintern Abbey is a major example, where scenery becomes philosophical recollection.
Q.62. According to whom, "the interaction between introjection and projection helps to constitute the ego and the SUPEREGO and to lay the foundations for the OEDIPUS COMPLEX"?
1.Sandor Ferenczi
2. Robert Young
3.Sigmund Freud
4. Melanie Klein
Answer: 4
Quick Insight:
In object-relations psychoanalysis, Klein argues that introjection (taking in aspects of others internally) and projection (expelling inner feelings onto others) are central early psychic processes. Their interaction helps form the ego, contributes to the superego, and shapes the child’s early relation to the Oedipus complex.
Q.63. Which of the following statements about Geoffrey Chaucer are correct?
A. Chaucer's first work, The Book of the Duchess, is a dream-poem on the death in 1368 of Blanche, Duchess of Lancaster, the wife of John of Gaunt.
B. In The House of Fame, it is the first time that Dante's epic of a journey to Paradise, Purgatory, and Hell – The Divine Comedy is echoed in English.
C. The Canterbury Tales aborts literary, historical, religious, social, and moral concerns, and transcends them all.
D. In The Legend of Good Women, expid and versus, passion and desire, innocence and knowledge, are all invoked.
E. The Miller's Tale is an old-fashioned fable, a story of deception in war, almost similar to The Knight's Tale.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, B, and C Only
2. A, C, and D Only
3. B, C, and E Only
4. B, D, and E Only
Answer: 1
Q.64. What do we call the space between the vocal folds?
1. Larynx
2. Glottis
3. Velum
4. Tongue
Answer: 2
Q.65. Which of the following issues is not focussed by Horace in his Ars Poetica?
1. The detachment of a writer to his work, tradition, and custom
2. The moral and social functions of poetry
3. The contribution of an audience to the composition of poetry
4. An awareness of literary history and historical change in language and genre
Answer: 1
Q.66. Who has insisted that the power of the audience "derives from the fact that meanings do not circulate in the cultural economy in the same way that wealth does in the financial"?
1. Tamar Liebes
2. Elihu Katz
3. Ien Ang
4. John Fiske
Answer: 4
Quick Insight:
The statement is by John Fiske, from his work on popular culture and audience theory, especially Understanding Popular Culture (1989). Fiske argues that audiences are active meaning-makers: unlike money, meanings cannot be fully controlled by producers because consumers reinterpret and remake them in everyday use
Q.67. Arrange the following universities in chronological order in terms of offering courses on Indian English Writing
A. Central Institute of English, Hyderabad
B. University of Mysore
C. Karnataka University
D. Andhra University
E. Osmania University
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, B, D, C, E
2. C, D, B, E, A
3. B, D, C, E, A
4. D, B, A, C, E
Answer 4
Q.68. Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
LIST-I
A. Francis Bacon
B. Thomas Fuller
C. Abraham Cowley
D. Sir Thomas Browne
LIST-II
I. "Of Marriage"
II. "Of Solitude"
III. "An Essay on Death"
IV. "Of Toleration"
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
2. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
3. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
4. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
Answer: 3
Q.69. Which of the following works of Feminist criticism have been written by Toril Moi?
A. French Feminist thought: A Reader
B. Feminisms: A Reader
C. Feminist Literary Criticism
D. Sexual/Textual Politics
E. What is a Woman?
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, D and E Only
2. A,B,and C Only
3. C,D,and E Only
4. B,C,and D Only
Answer: 1
Q.70. Which of the following statements about the Kailyard School are correct?
A. In the 1890s there was a flowering of the Scottish provincial novel in a highly sentimental and romanticised form which came to be known as the Kailyard School.
B. The kailyard was the cabbage patch at the back of a village house, and it designates the small-town preoccupations with which the novelists dealt.
C. Dorothy L. Sayers in her novel Peter Pan the popular lower-class sleuth in novels
D. J.I.M. Stewart, a novelist of the school, writes a novel in this category Lament for a Maker with his friend Lord Peter Wimsey.
E. Barrie's A Window in Thrums, based on his home town of Kirriemuir in Angus, remains the best known of this short-lived burst of parochial, vernacular romanticism.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, B, and E Only
2. B, C, and D Only
3. A, D, and E Only
4. A, B, and C Only
Answer: 1
Q.71. Which of the following novels is not an example of dystopian novel?
1. George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-four
2. Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice
3. Aldous Huxley's Brave New World
4. William Golding's Lord of the Flies
Answer: 2
Quick Insight:
dystopian novel is a work of fiction set in an imagined society marked by oppression, surveillance, environmental ruin, extreme inequality, loss of freedom, or dehumanizing control. It presents a negative future or alternate world to criticize real political and social tendencies in the present.
Common features include authoritarian government, technology used for control, propaganda, restricted individuality, and resistance by the protagonist. Major examples are George Orwell’s 1984, Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale, and Anthony Burgess’s A Clockwork Orange.
Q.72. Girish Karnad's Hayavadana and Thomas Mann's short novel, The Transposed Heads based on the tale of
1.Hitopdesha
2. Panchtantra
3. Jataka Katha
4. Katha-sarit-sagara
Answer: 4
Q.73. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: A dozen or more distinct languages and literatures flourish today on the Indian literary scene, and most of these are distributed on a broadly regional basis.
Reason R: The Aryans brought Sanskrit to India; the Muslim rule led to the rise of Urdu, as an expression of a composite culture; and the British rule made Indo-Anglian literature possible.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
3. A is correct but R is not correct
4. A is not correct but R is correct
Answer: 1
Q.74. Angela McRobbie, in an influential essay first published in 1978, argues that Jackie, the best-selling teenage girls’ magazine in the 1970s, can be analysed “as a system of messages, a signifying system and a bearer of a certain ideology, an ideology which deals with the construction of teenage femininity”. McRobbie identifies four strategies (‘subcodes’) through which Jackie makes its appeal. Identify the correct strategies or subcodes given below:
1. The code of Cinema, the code of personal/domestic life, the code of fashion and beauty and the code of pop music
2. The code of romance, the code of personal/domestic life, the code of fashion and beauty and the code for Mall-Culture
3. The code of romance, the code of personal/domestic life, the code of fashion, and beauty and the code of pop music
4. The code of cinema, the code of personal/domestic life, the code of cosmetics and beauty and the code of pop music
Answer: 3
Q.75. According to Freud's example in his Interpretation of Dreams, the psychodynamic critic tends to associate symbols with images. Which of the following symbols is not correct in that context?
1. Ponds as female or yonic symbols
2. Flowers as female or yonic symbols
3. Towers as symbols of sexual pleasure
4. Lances as male or phallic symbols
Answer: 3
Q.76. Arrange the following in order of their publication:
A. Religio Medici
B. The Terrors of the Night
C. Essays of Elia
D. Utopia
E. The Four Ages of poetry
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. D, B, C, A, E
2. E, D, A, B, C
3. C, B, A, D, E
4. D, B, A, E, C
Answer: 4
Q.77. Which of the following details about the Dramatis Personae of The Duchess of Malfiare correct?
A. FERDINAND [Duke of Calabria].
B. CARDINAL [Executioner].
C. ANTONIO [BOLOGNA, Steward of the Household to the Duchess].
D. DELIO [Court Officer].
E. DANIEL DE BOSOLA [Gentleman of the Horse to the Duchess].
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, B, and D Only
2. A, C, and E Only
3. B, C, and D Only
4. B, D, and E Only
Answer: 2
Q.78. Who defined culture as "one of the two or three most complicated words in the English language"?
1. Raymond Williams
2. John Storey
3. Ben Agger
4. Peter Goodall
Answer: 1
Quick Insight:
The statement is by Raymond Williams, from Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society (1976). He means that culture has accumulated many different meanings over time—such as cultivation, refinement, the arts, and a whole way of life—so it cannot be reduced to a single simple definition.
Q.79. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: The defining event of the first part of the twenty- first century was the attack on American targets, including the Twin Towers in New York, on 11 September 2001.
Reason R: A novel by Christopher Brookmyre published two days before the attacks happened, A Big Boy Did It and Ran Away, was, and still is, astonishingly prescient both about the violence and about some of its roots and resonances.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
3. A is correct but R is not correct
4. A is not correct but R is correct
Answer: 2
Q.80. Which of the following definitions of various social variation in language is incorrect?
1. Convergence is a speech style that attempts to reduce social distance, and use forms that are similar to those used by the person we are talking to.
2. A register is a conventional way of using language that is appropriate in a specific context, which may be identified as situational, occupational or topical.
3. Slang describes words or phrases that are used instead of more everyday terms among younger speakers and other groups with special interests.
4. Jargon are words and phrases, often involving body parts, bodily functions and sexual acts, that people avoid for reasons related to religion, politeness and prohibited behavior.
Answer: 4
Q.81. Which of the following statements are correct about Mulk Raj Anand?
A. Anand had his education at Lahore, London and Cambridge, and took a Doctorate in Philosophy.
B. He was associated with the Progressive Writers’ Movement in India; and after the War, he finally settled down in London.
C. In Coolie, the evil appears as greed, selfishness and inhumanity in their hundred different forms.
D. In The Barber’s Trade Union, Anand immortalizes Munoo the barber as he has immortalized Bakha.
E. Anand’s early novels come fresh from contact with the flesh and blood of everyday existence.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, B, and E Only
2. B, C, and D Only
3. A, C, and E Only
4. B, D, and E Only
Answer: 3
Q.82. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: The technique of art is to make objects "unfeminine" to make forms difficult, to increase the difficulty and length of perception.
Reason R: The process of perception is an aesthetic end in itself and must be prolonged.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
1.Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2.Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
3.A is correct but R is not correct
4.A is not correct but R is correct
Answer: 1
Q.83. Which of the following in-text citations is incorrect?
1.Others note that doctors have not yet adequately explained the effects climate change will have on human health (Lemery and Auerbach 4–5).
2.According to Naomi Baron, reading is “just half of literacy. The other half is writing” (Baron 194).
3.According to Gao Xingjian, “Literature in essence is divorced from utility” (7).
4.The author knew Bureau de la Rivière, another of Charles V’s executors (Christine 192).
Answer: 2
Q.84. Which of the following book has an account of the 'Adventures of a Brown Man in Search of Civilization'?
1. A Passage to England
2. A Passage to India
3. Tunesless India
4. Defence of India
Answer 1
Q.85. Who became known in the popular imagination as the notorious French postmodernist philosopher?
1. Jean Baudrillard
2. Derrida
3. Lyotard
4. Roman Rolland
Answer: 2
Q.86. Which of the following descriptions of the arbitrary nature of the sign given by Ferdinand De Saussure in his book Course in General Linguistics is incorrect?
1. The bond between the signifier and the signified is arbitrary
2. The linguistic sign is arbitrary
3. The word symbol has been used to designate the linguistic meaning or more specifically, the signified
4. Symbol is never wholly arbitrary; it is not empty, for there is the ridiment of a natural bond between the signifier and the signified
Answer: 3
Quick Insight:
Saussure does not use symbol to designate the linguistic signified. In Course in General Linguistics, the sign consists of signifier (sound-image) and signified (concept), and their relation is largely arbitrary. He even distinguishes symbol from sign, noting that a symbol is never wholly arbitrary because it retains some natural or conventional link.
Q.87. Match the List I with List II
List I (Terms)
A. "Feral"
B. "Grand Narrative"
C. "Gaze"
D. "Diegesis"
List II (Meaning)
I. The way heterosexual women are posited as scopophilic objects of heterosexual male desire
II. The interior story as told or depicted specially in film
III. The big stories we use to map human history such as Humanism
IV. A state halfway between domestic and wild
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
1. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
2. A- IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
3. A- IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
4. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
Answer: 3
Quick Insight:
Feral means existing between domesticated and wild states; Grand Narrative refers to large explanatory stories of history or progress (Lyotard); Gaze in film/feminist theory refers to the way women are positioned as objects of male visual desire; Diegesis means the internal narrated world of the story, especially in cinema
Q.88. Which of the following is an example of Functional Morpheme?
1. Teach
2. And
3.-er
4.-ed
Answer: 2
Quick Insight:
A functional morpheme is a grammatical unit that serves structural rather than lexical meaning—such as conjunctions, prepositions, articles, pronouns, or auxiliaries. And functions as a coordinating conjunction. Words like teach carry lexical meaning, while -er and -ed are bound grammatical morphemes.
Q.89. Which of the following is not one of the conceptions of Dalit aesthetics given by Sharankumar Limbale?
1. Human beings are first and foremost human - this is satyam
2. The liberation of human beings is Shivam
3. The humanity of human beings is Sundaram
4. The equality, liberty, justice, and fraternity of human beings are Satyam and Sundaram
Answer: 4
Quick Insight:
In Sharankumar Limbale’s Dalit aesthetics, beauty is redefined through social justice and human dignity rather than classical ideals. He links human beings as human = Satyam, liberation = Shivam, and humanity of human beings = Sundaram. Option 4 is not one of his stated formulations.
Q.90. Which of the following have been written by I Ang?
A. "Wanted: Audience"
B. "Culture and Communication: Towards an Ethnographic Critique of Media Consumption in the Transnational Media System"
C. "The Photographic Message"
D. "Feminist Desire and Female Pleasure"
E. "On Popular Music"
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A, C and D Only
2. A, B and E Only
3. B, C and E Only
4. A, B and D Only
Answer: 4
Comprehension
Read the following piece of poetry and answer the questions from 91 to 95.
When I was fair and young, then favor graced me,
Of many was I sought their mistress for to be,
But I did scorn them all and answered them therefore:
Go, go, go, seek some other where, importune me no more.
How many weeping eyes I made to pine in woe,
How many sighing hearts I have not skill to show,
But I the prouder grew and still this spake therefore:
Go, go, go, seek some other where, importune me no more.
Then spake fair Venus' son, that proud victorious boy,
Saying: you dainty dame, for that you be so coy,
I will so pluck your plumes as you shall say no more:
Go, go, go, seek some other where, importune me no more.
As soon as he had said such change grew in my breast,
That neither night nor day I could take any rest,
Wherefore I did repent that I had said before:
Go, go, go, seek some other where, importune me no more
Q.91. What did the lady repent for?
1. For her rudeness and false pride.
2. For breaking the heart of so many of her lovers.
3. For not responding her last lover.
4. For not caring the feelings of others.
Answer: 1
Q.92. Why did the lady reject all the proposals?
1. Because she loved someone else.
2. Because she scorned them all.
3. Because she was innocent.
4. Because she was proud and arrogant.
Answer: 4
Q.93. In the poem, why was the last lover “proud” and “victorious”?
1. Because he was richer and more handsome than the lady.
2. He was more virtuous and prouder than the lady.
3. Because he was handsome and self-confident.
4. Because he did not succumb and submit to the lady.
Answer: 3
Q. 94. What does the line, "When I was fair and young, then favor graced me" , appear to connote?
1. The lady had good fortune and was wealthy.
2. She was very beautiful and young.
3. She had many love-proposals.
4. She had the favour of many of her lovers.
Answer: 3
Q. 95. What does the line, "Go, go, go, seek some other where, importune me no more" , appear to stand for?
1. Her reluctance to the lovers.
2. Her arrogance and self-pride.
3. Because she was not impressed with their pursuits.
4. She was getting annoyed by their pursuits.
Answer: 2
Comprehension
Read the following passage and answer the questions from 96-100.
There is nothing that more betrays a base ungenerous spirit than the giving of secret stabs to a man's reputation; lamppoons and satires that are written with wit and spirit are like poisoned darts, which not only inflict a wound, but make it incurable. For this reason I am very much troubled when I see the talents of humour and ridicule in the possession of an ill- natured man. There cannot be a greater gratification to a barbarous and inhuman wit than to stir up sorrow in the heart of a private person, to raise uneasiness among near relations, and to expose whole families to derision, at the same time that he remains unseen and undiscovered. If, besides the accomplishments of being witty and ill- natured, a man is vicious into the bargain, he is one of the most mischievous creatures that can enter into a civil society. His satire will then chiefly fall upon those who ought to be the most exempt from it. Virtue, merit, and everything, that is praiseworthy, will be made the subject of ridicule and buffoonery. It is impossible to enumerate the evils which arise from these arrow that fly in the dark; and I know no other excuse that is or can be made for them, than the wounds they give are only imaginary, and produce nothing more than a secret shame or sorrow in the mind of the suffering person.
Q.96 What excuse does the author prefer to give for the ill-natured satirists and critics:
1. That the satirical arrows are flying in dark
2. That they are unintentional and impersonal
3. That the wounds they give are only imaginary
4. That the satirist is ill-natured
Answer: 3
Q.97. What does trouble the author most?
1. Talent of humour and ridicule is in the possession of ill-natured persons.
2. Talent and wisdom in possession of enemies.
3. Talent and wit in possession of ill-natured persons.
4. Talent of wit and humour in possession of barbarous persons.
Answer: 1
Q.98. According the author, what is made the subject of ridicule and buffoonery?
1. Virtue, merit, and what is praiseworthy
2. Good-will persons
3. New initiatives in society
4. Privacy of the upper-middle class
Answer: 1
Q.99. What does appear to be the danger of satire, according to the author?
1. Giving of secret stabs to a man's reputation
2. Wit and spirit which are like poisoned darts, which not only
3. Bad and inhuman persons in society
4. Witty and ill-natured persons
Answer: 4
Q.100. In the passage, “secret stabs” stands for:
1. Treachery and backbiting
2. Lampions and satires
3. Poisoned darts which pricks and inflict
4. Ridicules and Mockery
Answer: 2
